Think diabetes is only a human problem? Think again. Dogs can suffer too and understanding the facts can keep your pooch healthy and happy.
Maybe you noticed your dog suddenly guzzling water like there's no tomorrow or polishing off meals faster than ever but still losing weight. Or perhaps they have swapped their usual zoomies for snoozes on the sofa. Often these subtle changes seem harmless at first, but it may be your pooch's way of telling you something is wrong.
What is diabetes and how does it affect dogs?
When a dog develops diabetes, it means their body is struggling to manage blood sugar properly. Normally, the pancreas produces a hormone called insulin, which helps move sugar from the bloodstream into the body’s cells, where it’s used for energy.
Type 1 vs Type 2 Diabetes:
Vets do not formally classify canine diabetes into "Type 1" and "Type 2" the same way they do with humans, but the comparison can help explain how the condition works.
In dogs, the most common form of diabetes is an insulin-dependent type, where the pancreas produces little or no insulin and typically requires lifelong insulin therapy. Type 2-like diabetes, where the body’s cells become resistant to insulin is rare in dogs but more common in cats and humans.
In most dogs, the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas are damaged or destroyed due to factors such as pancreatitis, genetics or other underlying issues.
Without enough effective insulin, sugar cannot enter the cells to be used as energy and instead builds up in the bloodstream. This condition is known as high blood sugar or hyperglycaemia.
Over time, this can make dogs feel unwell and increase their risk of other health issues, like urinary tract infections or cataracts. Without careful management, diabetes can put real strain on your dog’s body. But with the right care, many diabetic dogs go on to live full, happy lives.
What are the First Signs of Diabetes in Dogs?:
Diabetes in dogs often develops gradually, which means the early signs can be easy to miss. However, spotting the symptoms early makes a huge difference to how well the condition can be managed. Here's what to watch out for:
- Increased thirst (polydipsia)
- Increased hunger (polyphagia)
- Urinating more (polyuria)
- Weight loss despite eating well
- Low energy (lethargy)
- Cloudy eyes
- Deteriorating vision
- Vomiting with no apparent cause
- Lackluster coat and skin
If left untreated, diabetes can progress and lead to more serious symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhoea, loss of appetite, weakness, or a distinctive sweet smell on the breath (caused by a build-up of ketones). In severe cases, this can lead to a life-threatening emergency known as diabetic ketoacidosis.
How is diabetes diagnosed:
If these symptoms sound familiar and you suspect your dog might have diabetes, the first step is always a trip to the vet. Discussing your dog’s symptoms will prompt the vet to carry out some simple tests to confirm what’s going on.
Diagnosis usually involves:
- A urine test: This checks for the presence of glucose (sugar) and sometimes ketones in your dog’s urine. Finding sugar where it shouldn’t be is a strong clue that diabetes may be at play.
- A blood test: This measures blood glucose levels and helps the vet see whether your dog’s body is struggling to regulate sugar properly. Persistently high levels point towards diabetes.
- Additional checks: Your vet may also run tests to rule out other health issues that can cause similar symptoms such as Cushing’s disease or kidney problems and assess your dog’s overall wellbeing before starting treatment.
Once diabetes is confirmed, your vet will work with you to create a tailored treatment plan, which may include insulin therapy, diet adjustments, and regular monitoring.
Catching diabetes early makes a big difference. Not only will it help your pooch feel better faster, but it also reduces the risk of long-term complications. So, if you spot any warning signs, don’t wait as a quick vet visit could make all the difference.
How can diabetes be prevented?
The insulin-dependent form of diabetes seen in most dogs isn't usually preventable as it often results from pancreatic damage, genetics or other underlying factors. A Type-2 like form of diabetes is rare in dogs, and maintaining a healthy weight and lifestyle may help reduce risk.
In either case, doggie owners (you) can play a vital role to help manage the condition effectively or reduce the risk of development by keeping their pup healthy and happy through a balanced diet, regular exercise, consistent routines, and regular veterinary care.
Caring for a diabetic dog:
Dogs with diabetes require keeping an extra close eye on. In particular, most dogs will need monitoring and treatment for life, which usually includes insulin therapy and diet control. But this does not mean your doggie is any less likely to live a happy life!
Monitoring your dog's blood sugar:
So, for insulin requiring doggies, initial care after diagnosis, may include regular vet visits to determine the correct insulin dose. During this initial adjustment period, your vet will closely monitor blood glucose levels to ensure your dog’s treatment is safe and effective. This can be done in multiple ways such as: using a blood glucose curve, placing a small sensor on your dog's skin for continuous testing (also known as CGM), a fructosamine test or urine glucose and ketone strips. Once your dog is well-regulated, check-ups may be spaced out to every three to six months, often including blood tests to make sure their diabetes remains under control.
What to feed a diabetic dog:
For dogs already living with diabetes, a balanced diet plays a huge role in keeping blood sugar levels stable. In general, the most important factors to consider are the amounts of fibre, starch and protein.
Fibre
Many diabetic dogs benefit from a higher fibre diets as fibre slows digestion and allows glucose to be absorbed gradually. It binds to starch in the digestive system, reducing rapid glucose absorption and preventing large spikes in blood sugar after eating. However, the ideal fibre level will depend on your dog's body condition and overall health, so your vet will guide you.
Starch
Starch refers to carbohydrates that are rapidly digested and absorbed as glucose. High-starch diets can cause a sudden increase in blood sugar levels after meals, which diabetic dogs cannot manage effectively. Choosing a low-starch diet helps prevent these spikes and keeps glucose levels steadier throughout the day.
Protein
Protein helps maintain and build muscle but some diabetic dogs e.g. those with kidney issues, may need moderated protein levels. Always check with your vet.
What Food is Good for Dogs with Diabetes?
Your vet will know your floof and their needs best, so it is always best to speak to them regarding what to feed, how much and when - especially in relation to insulin injections.
We offer a range of gut-friendly, all-natural recipes, that focus on gut health, and some owners will choose to discuss with their vet to see if they're suitable for their dog's individual needs. We avoid nasties like added sugar or salt, and offer a range of different options, like high-moisture wet food, or grain free dry dog food. Our full ingredients lists can be found on each of our product pages, so it's easy to share with your vet to help make the best dietary decisions for your dog. We also offer a feeding calculator to help work out the guideline feeding amount and prevent obesity.
Many human treats, especially sugary or high-carb foods are best avoided, as they can cause spikes in blood sugar.
Myth-busting
Myth 1: "Dogs don’t get diabetes like humans do"
Dogs can develop diabetes, and most develop an insulin-dependent form that may require lifelong management
Myth 2: "A diabetic dog just needs less sugar"
Wrong! Cutting out treats alone won't fix the problem. Diabetes isn't just about sugar - it's about how your dog's body produces and responds to insulin, the hormone that helps control blood sugar levels. Treats can still be on the menu for your pooch with diabetes, but should be given in moderation and in line with your vet's guidance.
Top tip: Whether your doggie has diabetes or not, it's best to choose high-quality treats made with natural ingredients and no added salts and sugars. For instance, our Chicken Chonks make for a tasty option!
Myth 3: “Diabetes in dogs is caused by eating too much.”
Not exactly. Obesity increases the risk of your dog developing diabetes, but isn't the direct cause. That being said, keeping your dog at a healthy weight is important as it helps reduce the risk of health problems more generally and supports better diabetes management.
It’s also important to understand that managing a dog’s weight isn’t about finding a special “diet” recipe, it is more about feeding the right amounts of balanced, nutritious food. Focusing on portion control, monitoring treats, and following your vet’s guidance is the most effective way to help your dog maintain a healthy weight and support overall wellbeing.
Myth 4: “Once diagnosed, my dog can’t live a normal life”
Thankfully following a diabetes diagnosis it is perfectly possible for your pooch to live a happy and active life provided proper care. In particular, spotting the signs early to get a diagnosis cause hugely help as complications are far less likely when the condition is managed. By following your vet’s professional guidance, implementing a consistent routine and good diet - your dog can still enjoy plenty of walks and cuddles just like their fur-friends.
Myth 5: “Only older dogs develop diabetes”
Not quite! While diabetes is more common in middle-aged and senior dogs, it’s not exclusively an older dog’s disease. Younger dogs can develop diabetes too, particularly if they have underlying health issues, genetic predispositions, or pancreatic problems that affect insulin production. Certain breeds, or dogs that have suffered from pancreatitis or hormonal imbalances, may also be more at risk earlier in life.
So, it’s still important to keep an eye out for early warning signs like increased thirst, urination, or changes in appetite in your pups and younger doggies too. Catching diabetes early gives your vet the best chance to help manage it effectively and keep your floof feeling happy, healthy, and full of zoomies for years to come!
Tail-End Tips:
Early detection, a balanced diet, regular vet check-ups and a consistent daily routine are key to managing diabetes in dogs. By staying on top of these, you can help your furry friend stay healthy, happy and full of life.
It is important to remember that a diabetes diagnosis doesn't mean the paw-some fun has to stop. With proper care, diabetic dogs can still enjoy walks, playtime and plenty of cuddles, living long lives alongside their hoomans.
If you ever have questions about your dog’s diet, feeding schedule, or health, don’t hesitate to reach out to your vet or or even send us an email to hello@scrumbles.co.uk. We’re here to help you and your pup thrive together!
Whilst you're here why not read:
- Alarming Pet Obesity Statistics in the UK & What You Can Do
- Pancreatitis in dogs & cats: feeding human food holiday leftovers
- Probiotics for Cats: What are they and what are the benefits?
